Chapter 2

Literature Review

Concept and Theory

References at the end of the quotation adopt Name-Year system or APA (American Psychological Association) (Last name of Author and last name of Author, year: page number)

i.e.	(Smith and Bond, 1992 : 35-40)

Smith and Bond (1992 : 22-35)

Types of Quotation

Direct Quotation: adopt the whole sentence without paraphrasing

For quotation less than 3 lines, use quotation mark (“___”). Single quotation mark (‘__’) is applied when the quotation obtain its own quotation.

i.e.

Smith stated that “xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ‘ooooooooooo’ xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx” (Smith, 2004 : 20)

For excluding some sentence, use three ellipses (…). Hit space bar once after and before ellipses (before and after the sentence).

i.e.

“... xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx …”

For quotation exceeding 3 lines, double space should be applied before and after the quotation. Tab of 0.25 inch must be set for left side and right side of quotation.

i.e.

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

0.25 inch 0.25 inch oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo

oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo

ooooooooooooooooooooooooooo (Smith, 2004 : 20-25)

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Indirect Quotation: summarize the quotation and put the reference at the end of the sentence

For tables, table number and table title must be provided (Chapter.Sequence of table in chapter table title)

Table .

i.e

For the first table in chapter 2 titled “Demographic Data of Sample”,

Table 2.1 Demographic Data of Sample

Gender	Number of People	Percentage
Male	600	60
Female	400	40
Total	1,000	100

For figures, figure number and figure title must be provided below the figure close to left margin. (Chapter.Sequence of figure in chapter figure title)

i.e.

Figure 2.1 Relationship of constructs

Source :

Literature Review

Refer to finding in previous studies that related to your study

Conceptual Framework

Proposition of framework that is employed in the research, the focus of your study. Specify dependent and independent variables in this study.